I te tau 2022, ka noho noa te mahi whānui o te mākete hiko karāhe, he iti te kawenga o te whakaputanga me te hekenga o te tono i raro iho, ā, ko te ngoikore o te tuku me te tono ka waiho hei āhuatanga matua.
I te tau 2022, ka piki te utu o ngā hiko karāpiti i te tuatahi, kātahi ka heke. Ko te utu toharite o HP500 he 22851 yuan/tana, ko te utu toharite o RP500 he 20925 yuan/tana, ko te utu toharite o UHP600 he 26295 yuan/tana, ā, ko te utu toharite o UHP700 he 31053 yuan/tana. I whakaatuhia e ngā hiko karāpiti he ia pikinga mai i Poutū-te-rangi ki Mei puta noa i te tau, nā te pikinga ake o ngā umanga i te puna, te hoko mai i ngā rauemi mata mō te penapena, me te āhuarangi pai mō te tomo ki te mākete i raro i te tautoko a te hinengaro hoko. I tētahi atu taha, kei te piki tonu ngā utu o te ngira kōka me te kōka hinu iti-whāwhā, ngā rauemi mata, e tautoko ana i te utu o ngā hiko karāpiti. Heoi, mai i Pipiri, kua uru ngā hiko karāpiti ki te awaawa heke, ā, ko te ngoikore o te tuku me te tono kua noho hei ia matua i te haurua tuarua o te tau. Kāore i te tino whakamahia ngā mira maitai o raro, kei te ngaro te hanga hiko karāpeti, ā, kua kati te nuinga o ngā umanga. I te marama o Noema, i piki ake te mākete hiko karāpeti, nā te pikinga ake o te tono mō ngā hiko karāpeti i hua ake i te pikinga ake o ngā mira maitai. I whai wāhi ngā kaihanga ki te whakapiki ake i te utu mākete, engari he iti noa te pikinga o te tono whakamutunga, ā, he nui te ātete ki te pana ake i ngā hiko karāpeti.
I te tau 2022, ko te hua moni katoa o te hanga hiko karāhe mana-tino-teitei ka eke ki te 181 yuan/tana, he hekenga 68% mai i te 598 yuan/tana i te tau kua hipa. I roto i ēnei, mai i te marama o Hūrae, kua tīmata te hua o te hanga hiko karāhe mana-tino-teitei ki te iri ki raro, ā, kua ngaro te kotahi tana ki te 2,009 yuan/tana i te marama o Ākuhata. I raro i te aratau hua-iti, kua kati, kua hanga rānei te nuinga o ngā kaihanga hiko karāhe i ngā oko me ngā poraka karāhe mai i te marama o Hūrae. He torutoru noa ngā kamupene matua e tohe ana ki te hanga iti-kawenga.
I te tau 2022, ko te tere whakahaere toharite ā-motu o ngā irahiko karāhe he 42%, he hekenga tau-ki-te-tau o te 18 ōrau, koinei hoki te tere whakahaere iti rawa i roto i ngā tau e rima kua hipa. I roto i ngā tau e rima kua hipa, ko te tau 2020 me te 2022 anake he iti iho i te 50% ngā reiti whakahaere. I te tau 2020, nā te pakarutanga mai o te mate urutā o te ao, me te hekenga tere o te hinu mata, te puhoi o te tono i raro iho, me te hurihanga o ngā hua whakaputa, ko te tere whakahaere toharite i te tau kua hipa he 46%. Ko te tīmatanga iti o te mahi i te tau 2022 nā ngā mate urutā maha, te pēhanga ki raro i te ōhanga o te ao, me te hekenga o te umanga maitai, e uaua ai te tautoko i te tono mākete mō ngā irahiko karāhe. Nō reira, ki te whakatau i te tīmatanga iti o ngā tau e rua, he nui te pānga o te hiahia o te umanga maitai i raro iho ki te mākete irahiko karāhe.
I roto i ngā tau e rima e whai ake nei, ka mau tonu te tipu o ngā irahiko karāhe. E kiia ana i te tau 2027, ka eke te kaha whakaputa ki te 2.15 miriona tana, me te tere tipu whakakotahi o te 2.5%. I te tukunga āta haere o ngā rauemi para maitai o Haina, he nui te kaha o te oumu hiko mō te whanaketanga i roto i ngā tau e rima e whai ake nei. E akiaki ana te kawanatanga i te whakamahinga o ngā para maitai me te hanga maitai tukatuka-poto, ā, e akiaki ana i ngā umanga ki te whakakapi i te kaha whakaputa o te tukanga oumu hiko me te kore e whakanui ake i te kaha whakaputa hou. Kei te piki haere hoki te katoa o te putanga o te hanga maitai oumu hiko i ia tau. E 9% te nui o te maitai oumu hiko o Haina. E whakaaro ana te "Guiding Opinions on Guideing the Development of Electric Arc Furnace Short-Tukanga Raupapa" (Draft for Comments)" i te mutunga o te "14th Five-Year Plan" (2025), ka piki ake te ōwehenga o te putanga hanga maitai oumu hiko ki te 20%, ā, ka whakanui tonu ngā irahiko karāhe i te wāhi.
Mai i te tirohanga o te tau 2023, tera pea ka heke haere tonu te umanga maitai, ā, kua tukuna e ngā whakahaere e tika ana ngā raraunga e tohu ana ka hoki mai te tono maitai mā te 1.0% i te tau 2023, ā, ka iti noa te whakaoranga whānui. Ahakoa kua whakangawaritia te kaupapa here ārai me te whakahaere mate urutā, ka roa tonu te whakaoranga ōhanga. E matapaetia ana ka āta ora te mākete hiko karāti i te haurua tuatahi o te tau 2023, ā, ka noho tonu te ātete ki te pikinga utu. I te haurua tuarua o te tau, tera pea ka tīmata te mākete ki te ora. (Puna o ngā mōhiohio: Ngā Mōhiohio Longzhong)
Wā tuku: Hanuere-06-2023