Ngā Take Matua e Ārahi ana i te Hiahia Mākete mō te Coke Hinu Whakakākahuria
1. Te Hiahia Nui i roto i te Rāngai Pūngao Hou
Rauemi matua mō ngā rauemi anode pākahiko lithium: Ko te kōke hinu iti-whanariki, he iti iho i te 0.5% te ihirangi whanariki, kāore e whakanui i te rahinga i te wā o te tukanga whakakāwhata, ka waiho hei rauemi matua mō ngā rauemi anode pākahiko lithium-ion. I te tau 2024, i eke te tono ā-ao mō ngā rauemi anode pākahiko lithium ki te 2.2 miriona tana, e rite ana ki te tono mō te neke atu i te 3 miriona tana o te kōke hinu. Heoi, ko te tuku tuturu he 2.6 miriona tana anake, ka hua ake he āputa tuku 13%. I te tere o te tipu o te mākete waka hiko (e matapaetia ana ka eke ngā hoko waka hiko ā-ao ki te 30 miriona waeine i te tau 2026), ka piki tonu te tono mō ngā anode pākahiko lithium mō te kōke hinu, ka piki ake ngā utu mō te kōke hinu kounga teitei (pērā i te kōke hinu iti-whanariki).
Te pikinga ake o te hiahia i roto i te umanga photovoltaic: I te tau 2024, i piki ake te hiahia o te ao mō te coke hinu kounga photovoltaic mā te 35%, me ngā kamupene rauemi silicon (pēnei i a Tongwei me GCL-Poly) e whakataetae ana mō ngā rauemi coke iti-whāwhā, ā, ka piki ake ngā utu.
2. Te Tono Pūmau i roto i ngā Rāngai Ahumahi Tuku Iho
Te umanga hikohiko konumohe: Ko te kōka hinu te rauemi mata matua mō ngā anode kua tunua i mua i te hanga hikohiko konumohe, e whakamahia ana hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te hikohiko. Ahakoa kua pāngia te tono i roto i te umanga hikohiko konumohe e ngā whakatikatika utu konumohe, kei te pumau tonu te tono mō te wā roa.
Ahumahi maitai: E whakamahia whānuitia ana te kōka hinu hei tāpiri waro me te rauemi mata mō ngā irahiko karāpeti i roto i te hanga maitai oumu pewa hiko. I te mahere a Haina ki te whakanui ake i te ōwehenga o te maitai oumu pewa hiko ki te 15%-20% i te tau 2025, ka piki ake te hiahia mō te kōka hinu.
Rāngai Wahie: Ko te kōka hinu, me tōna uara kaha nui, e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei wahie i roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i ngā wheketere karāhe, ngā tipu hiko, me ngā tipu sima. Ahakoa kua whakakapia ētahi tono mō te kōka wahie whanariki-tiketike e te waro utu iti, kei te whakataetae tonu te kōka iti-whanariki i roto i te mākete wahie utu nui.
3. Pupuri iti
Te whakaiti i te kaha o te whakamahine: I raro i ngā kaupapa here "waro rua" o te ao, kua tere ake te whakamutua e ngā whare whakamahine o Ūropi me Amerika te kaha tawhito o te mahi. I te tau 2024, i heke te kaha o te whakamahine o Ūropi mā te 8% i ia tau, i te mea kua eke te tere kati o ngā whare whakamahine hinu shale o Amerika ki te 12%, ā, i heke nui te tuku o te kōka hinu iti-whāwhā.
Te iti o te hanga ā-rohe: Nā te katinga me te tiaki i ētahi o ngā waeine kōka kua roa te mahi, me te hekenga o ngā reiti mahi, kua heke te hanga kōka hinu ā-rohe mai i te tau 2025. Ahakoa ka akiakihia te tipu o te hanga e te whanaketanga o ngā kaupapa whakauru whakamahine-matū, he uaua ki te whakaiti i te iti o te tuku mō te wā poto.
Kāore i te rawaka te whakakī anō i ngā kawemai: He iti noa te hanga kōka iti-whāwhā o tāwāhi, ā, nā te pikinga ake o ngā here kaweake a te US ki te karāpiti ki Haina kua akiakihia ngā kamupene anode Hainamana ki te huri ki te kōka hinu o roto, ā, ka nui ake te kaha o te pēhanga tono o roto.
4. Kaupapahere me ngā Āhuatanga o te Mākete
Ngā kaupapa here taiao pakari ake: Me whakangao moni ngā kamupene ki te whakapai ake i ngā taputapu kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga taiao, ā, ka piki ake ngā utu whakaputa. Hei tauira, i te tīmatanga o te tau 2025, nā ngā here whakaputa taiao i ngā kawanatanga o Hebei me Henan i ara ake ai ngā here tuku.
Ngā pānga o ngā arai hokohoko: Nā te pikinga ake o ngā here kaweake a te US ki Haina mō te karāpeti kua piki ake ngā utu hoko rauemi mata mō ngā kamupene anode Hainamana, ā, kua piki ake ngā utu o te hinu kōka.
Te whakapae i ngā taonga: Kua kohia e ngā kaihokohoko ngā taonga ki ngā tihi o mua, kua heke ngā taonga o ngā tauranga o roto mai i te 2 miriona tana i te tau 2023 ki te 800,000 tana, ā, ka hangaia he "korenga rūpahu" me te piki ake i ngā utu.
5. Ngā Pānga Tukunga Utu me te Whakakapinga
Ngā piki me ngā heke o te utu hinu mata: Ko te hononga i waenga i ngā utu hinu kōka me ngā utu hinu mata he tata ki te 0.8. I te tau 2024, i piki ake ngā utu hinu o te ao i runga ake i te 120 mō ia oko, ka pēhi i ngā tawhē o te whakamahine, ā, ka arahina ki te whakahekenga o te whakaputanga e ngā whare whakamahine, ka whakanui ake i te korenga o te kōka. Ahakoa e matapaetia ana ka heke ngā utu hinu mata o Brent ki te 51 mō ia oko i te tau 2026, kei te kaha tonu te tautoko utu mō te wā poto.
Te pēhanga whakakapinga hangarau: Mā te whakaputanga papatipu o ngā anode silicon-waro pākahiko 4680 a Tesla, e whakapai ake ana i te kiato pūngao mā te 20%, ka tere ake pea te tukanga whakakapinga mēnā ka noho teitei tonu ngā utu o te petroleum coke. Heoi, e 3-5 tau tonu te roa o te hokohoko o ngā anode e hangai ana ki te silicon, nō reira he iti noa te pānga poto ki te tono mō te petroleum coke.
Wā tuku: 30 o Hepetema 2025