He aha ngā arotahi matua o ngā whakaritenga taupū mō te kōka hinu kua whakakāwhatia i roto i ngā mara tono rerekē (pērā i ngā anode pākahiko lithium me ngā cathode mō te konumohe)?

Ngā Whakaritenga Taupū Divergent mō te Coke Petroleum Graphitized i roto i ngā Marae Whakamahinga Matua e Rua: Ngā Anode Pūhiko Lithium-ion me ngā Cathode Konumohe

Ko ngā whakaritenga taupū mō te kōka hinu kua whakakāwhatia he rerekētanga nui i roto i te hanganga matū, te hanganga ā-tinana, me te mahi hikohiko puta noa i ngā anode pākahiko lithium-ion me ngā cathode konumohe. Kua whakarāpopototia ngā kaupapa matua penei:

I. Ngā Anode Pūhiko Lithium-ion: Te Mahi Hikohiko hei Matua, me te Whakaaroaro ki te Pūmautanga Hanganga

1. He iti te ihirangi whanariki (<0.5%)
   Ka taea e ngā toenga whanariki te whakawhāiti me te whakawhānui i te tioata i te wā o te whakakāwhata, ka pakaru ai te hikohiko. Hei tāpiri, ka tukuna pea e te whanariki ngā hau i ngā pāmahana teitei, ka pakaru te kiriata waenga-irahiko totoka (SEI) ka arahi ki te ngaronga o te kaha ka kore e taea te whakakore. Hei tauira, ko te GB/T 24533-2019 e whakahau ana i te whakahaere kaha o te ihirangi whanariki mō te kāwhata e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā anode pākahiko lithium-ion.
2. Iti te Ihirangi Pungarehu (≤0.15%)
   Ka whakakorikorihia te pirau o ngā electrolyte e ngā poke konganuku i roto i te pungarehu (hei tauira, te konutai, te rino), ka tere ake te pirau o te pākahiko. Ka taea hoki e ngā poke konutai te whakaoho i te waikura o te honikoma anode, ka whakaiti i te roa o te huringa. Ko te karāpiti tino parakore me whai tukanga "toru-teitei" (te pāmahana teitei, te pēhanga teitei, ngā rauemi mata tino parakore) hei whakaiti i te ihirangi pungarehu ki raro i te 0.15%.
3. Teitei o te Kiriata me te Whakaritenga Whaiaro
   • Teitei o te Matotoru Tuturu: E whakaata ana i te tioata o te karāhe; ko te nui ake o te matotoru tuturu ka whakarite kia raupapahia ngā hongere mō te whakaurunga/tango i te katote lithium, kia pai ake ai te mahi tere.
   • Tauwehenga Whānui Wera Iti: Ko te ngira kōka, me tōna hanganga muka, he 30% te iti iho o te tauwehenga whānui wera i te kōka hautai, ka whakaiti i te whānui o te rōrahi i te wā o ngā huringa utu/tuku (hei tauira, ka whānui te karapiti anisotropic i te tuaka-C, ka pupuhi te pākahiko).
4. Rahi Matūriki Taurite me te Horahanga Mata Motuhake
   • Whānui te Tohatoha Rahi o te Matūriki: Mā ngā tawhā D10, D50, me te D90 kua arotauhia ka taea e ngā matūriki iti te whakakī i ngā āputa i waenga i ngā mea nunui ake, ka whakapai ake i te kiato o te tap (ka piki ake te uta rauemi hohe mō ia rōrahi, ahakoa ka whakaitihia e ngā taumata nui rawa te mākū o te electrolyte).
   • Horahanga Mata Motuhake Taurite: Ka whakapotohia ngā ara hekenga o te horahanga mata motuhake teitei (>10 m²/g) e te horahanga mata motuhake teitei (>10 m²/g), ka whakanui ake i te mahi tere, engari ka whakanui ake i te horahanga kiriata SEI, ka whakaiti i te whai huatanga coulombic tuatahi (ICE).
5. Teitei o te Whaihuatanga Coulombic Tīmatanga (≥92.6%)
   He mea nui te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o te lithium i te wā o te hanganga SEI i te huringa utu/tukunga tuatahi kia mau tonu ai te kiato pūngao. Ko ngā paerewa e hiahia ana kia ≥350.0 mAh/g te kaha tukunga tuatahi me ≥92.6%.

II. Ngā Katote Konumohe: Te Aroturuki me te Ātete ki te Ru Wera hei Kaupapa Matua

1. Te Mana Whakahaere Ihirangi Whānariki Kua Whakarōpūtia
   • Coke iti-whāriki (S < 0.8%): Whakamahia i roto i ngā irahiko karāti kounga teitei hei ārai i te pupuhi me te pakaru o te hau i puta mai i te whanariki i te wā e hanga maitai ana, hei whakaiti i te whakamahinga maitai mō ia tana (hei tauira, kotahi te umanga i whakaiti i te whakamahinga anode mā te 12% mā te whakamahi i te coke iti-whāriki).
   • Coke whanariki-waenga (S 2%–4%): He pai mō ngā anode electrolysis konumohe, e whakataurite ana i te utu me te mahi.
2. Te Manawanui ki te Pungarehu Teitei (me ngā Mana Whakahaere Parakore Motuhake)
   Me ≤0.03% te nui o te vanadium i roto i te pungarehu hei karo i te hekenga auau o te pai o te iahiko hiko konumohe. Me tino whakahaere ngā poke konutai hei ārai i te waikura o te honikoma anode.
3. Teitei o te Kiriata me te Ātete ki te Ru Wera
   Ko te ngira kōka te mea e pai ana mō tōna hanganga muka, e tuku ana i te kiato teitei, te kaha, te iti o te tangohanga, me te ātete pai ki ngā ru wera, e āhei ai ki te tu atu i ngā piki me ngā heke o te wera i te wā o te electrolysis konumohe. Mā te iti o te tauwehenga whānui wera ka whakaitihia te kino o te hanganga, ka roa ake te roa o te ora o te cathode.
4. Rahi o te Matūriki me te Kaha Mīhini
   • Ko ngā Matūriki Puranga e Pai Ake Ana: Ka whakaiti i te nui o te paura kōka hei ārai i te pakaru i te wā e kawe ana me te whakapūkara, kia mau ai te pakari ā-pūkaha.
   • Te Ōwehenga Teitei o te Coke Whakarewa: 70% te coke whakarewa e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā anode electrolysis konumohe hei whakarei ake i te kawe hiko me te ātete ki te waikura.
5. Te Arahi Hiko Teitei
   Ka taea e ngā irahiko ngira kōka te kawe i ngā iahiko 100,000 A, ka tutuki ai te pai o te hanga maitai o te 25 meneti mō ia oumu, ā, e toru ngā wā teitei ake te kawe hiko i te kōka tikanga, ka tino whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao.

III. Whakarāpopototanga o ngā Rerekētanga Matua

IV. Ngā Auahatanga Ahumahi

• Ngā Anode Pūhiko Lithium-ion: Ko te coke hanganga karihi hou (kakano radial) me te coke whakapūkara kua whakarerekētia te pitch (e whakarei ake ana i te roa o te huringa anode waro mārō) he wāhi rangahau hou hei whakapai ake i te kiato pūngao me te mahi huringa.
• Ngā Katote Konumohe: Ko te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā irahiko ngira coke nui-rahi 750 mm me te coke waenga-whāwhā mō te huri i te silicon carbide kei te akiaki i te whanaketanga rauemi ki te kawe hiko teitei ake me te ātete kakahu.