He matū te karāpiti i hangaia mai i ngā huānga waro. Ko tōna hanganga ngota he rite ki te tauira honikoma hexagonal. E toru o ngā irahiko e whā i waho o te karihi ngota ka hanga hononga honohono kaha, pumau hoki ki ngā irahiko o ngā karihi ngota tata, ā, ka taea e te ngota tāpiri te neke noa i te papa o te whatunga, ka hoatu ki a ia te āhuatanga o te kawe hiko.
Ngā whakatūpato mō te whakamahinga o ngā irahiko karāhe
1. Ārai i te makuku – Āraia te ua, te wai, te makuku rānei. Whakamarokehia i mua i te whakamahinga.
2. Ārai-tukituki – Kia tūpato te whakahaere kia kore ai e pakaru mai i te pānga me te tukinga i te wā e kawe ana.
3. Te ārai i te pakaru – I te wā e whakamau ana i te hikohiko ki ngā pūtu, kia tūpato ki te kaha e pā ana hei ārai i te pakaru nā te kaha.
4. Ārai-pakaru – He pakarukaru te karāpiti, inā koa mō ngā irahiko iti, whaiti me te roa, e ngāwari ana ki te pakaru i raro i te kaha o waho.
5. Ārai puehu – Me tāuta ngā taputapu ārai puehu i te wā e tukatukahia ana kia iti ake ai te pānga ki te hauora o te tangata me te taiao.
6. Te ārai i te paoa – He ngāwari te whakaputa i te nui o te paoa mai i ngā mīhini tukunga hiko, nō reira me whakamahi ngā taputapu hauhautanga.
7. Te ārai i te whakatakotoranga waro – He ngāwari te whakatakotoranga waro o te karāpiti i te wā e tukuna ana. I te wā e tukatukahia ana te tukunga, me aro turuki tata ki tōna āhua tukatuka.
Te Whakataurite i te Mīhini Tukunga Hiko o ngā Irahiko Parahi me te Para Whero (Me tino matatau)
1. He pai te mahi tukatuka miihini: Ko te ātete tapahi he 1/4 o te ātete parahi, ā, ko te pai o te tukatuka he 2 ki te 3 ngā wā o te parahi.
2. He māmā te whakakanapa i te hikohiko: He māmā te maimoatanga o te mata, ā, kāore he pūwero: He māmā te kuti ā-ringa. He rawaka te maimoatanga mata noa ki te pepa kirikiri, e ārai ana i te whakapōturi o te āhua i puta mai i te kaha o waho ki te āhua me te rahi o te hikohiko.
3. He iti te whakamahinga o te hikohiko: He pai te kawe hiko me te iti o te ātete, arā, 1/3 ki te 1/5 o te parahi. I te wā e mahi ana i te mīhini taratara, ka taea e ia te whakatutuki i te tukunga kore-ngaro.
4. Tere tere o te tukunga: Ko te tere tukunga e 2 ki te 3 ngā wā i te tere parahi. Ka taea e te āputa i roto i te miihini taratara te eke ki te 0.5 ki te 0.8 mm, ā, ka taea e te iahiko te nui ki te 240A. He iti te kakahu o te hiko ina whakamahia noa mō te 10 ki te 120 tau.
5. Mama: Me te taumaha motuhake o te 1.7 ki te 1.9, arā, 1/5 o te taumaha parahi, ka taea e ia te whakaiti i te taumaha o ngā irahiko nui, te whakaiti i te kawenga ki ngā taputapu mīhini me te uaua o te tāutanga me te whakatikatika ā-ringa.
6. Ātete pāmahana teitei: Ko te pāmahana whakangawari he 3650℃. I raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei, kāore te hiko e ngohengohe, ka karo i te raruraru whakarerekētanga o ngā wahi mahi angiangi.
7. Te whakarerekētanga iti o te hikohiko: Ko te tauwehenga o te whakawhānui wera he iti iho i te 6 ctex10-6 /℃, he 1/4 noa iho tēnei o te parahi, e whakapai ake ana i te tika o te tukunga.
8. Ngā hoahoa hiko rerekē: He ngāwari te horoi i ngā kokonga o ngā hiko karāpiti. Ka taea te hoahoa i ngā wāhanga mahi e hiahia ana ki ngā hiko maha hei hiko kotahi, hei whakapai ake i te tika o te pokepokea ai, hei whakaiti hoki i te wā tukunga.
A. He tere ake te tere o te miihini o te karāpeti i tō te parahi. I raro i ngā tikanga whakamahinga tika, e 2 ki te 5 ngā wā tere ake i te parahi.
B. Kāore he take e pau ai ngā hāora mahi maha mō te tango i ngā pakaru pērā i te parahi;
C. He tere te tukunga o te karāpiti, arā, 1.5 ki te 3 ngā wā i te tere o te tukunga o te parahi i roto i te tukatuka hiko matarohia.
D. He iti te pakaru me te haehae o ngā irahiko karāpiti, ā, ka taea te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o ngā irahiko
E. He pumau te utu, ā, kāore i te tino pāngia e ngā piki me ngā heke o te utu o te mākete
F. Ka taea e ia te tu atu i ngā pāmahana teitei, ā, kāore e whakapohehetia i te wā e miihinihia ana te tukunga hiko
G. He iti te tauwehenga o te whakawhānui wera, ā, he tino tika te pokepokea ai
H. He māmā te taumaha, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o ngā pokepokea nui me ngā pokepokea uaua
He ngāwari te tukatuka i te mata, ā, he ngāwari hoki te whiwhi i te mata tukatuka e tika ana.
Wā tuku: 22 Paenga-whāwhā 2025