Ko te whakakāwhata, hei tukanga whakaputa matua, e whakahaerehia ana i roto i ngā momo taputapu e whā: te oumu whakakāwhata Acheson, te oumu whakakāwhata raupapa ā-roto, te oumu whakakāwhata momo-pouaka, me te oumu whakakāwhata tonu. Ko te tātaritanga motuhake e whai ake nei:
Te oumu whakakākahu Acheson
Hei taputapu matua tuku iho, ka whakamahia e ia te kaupapa o te whakamahana ātete hei whakaara ake i te pāmahana ki te 2,800-3,000°C, kia pai ai mō te hanga i te karāpeti parakore-teitei. He hanganga māmā, he pakari hoki tēnei momo oumu. Heoi, he ngoikoretanga anō ōna pērā i te huringa whakaputa roa, te nui o te whakapaunga pūngao (tata ki te 4,000-4,800 kWh/t), me te iti o te whai huatanga. I tēnei wā, kei te whakamahia whānuitia tonutia tēnei hangarau e ngā kamupene pērā i a Putailai me Shanshan, ā, kua whakapai ake i te whai huatanga pūngao mā te arotau i te ōwehenga o ngā rauemi ātete me te whakarei ake i te hanganga whakamarumaru.
Oumu Whakairoiro Raupapa Ā-roto
Ka wera tika tēnei oumu mā roto i ngā irahiko, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he rauemi ātete hei whakaputa wera. He painga anō hoki tēnei, pērā i te pai o te whakamahinga wera, te wā whakakā poto (1-2 hāora noa iho i te wā pāmahana teitei), me te iti o te whakamahinga pūngao (tata ki te 3,300-4,000 kWh/t). Ko ngā momo oumu ko te momo-I, te momo-U, te momo-W, me te momo-puawai paramu, ko te momo-U te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Kua whakamahia whānuitia tēnei hangarau e ngā tipu waro i Tiamana, i te Hononga o Amerika, me Hapani hei hanga i ngā irahiko karāhe kaha-tino-teitei. Heoi, he iti ake te pāmahana mōrahi o te oumu (tata ki te 2,800°C) i tō te oumu Acheson.
Oumu Whakairoiro Momo Pouaka
Ka whakamahia e tēnei hangarau ngā pereti waro, ngā pereti karāpeti rānei hei hanga i tētahi hanganga pouaka, mā te whakamahi i te rauemi tonu hei wāhanga whakamahana ātete hei utu mō ngā rauemi ātete tuku iho e ahu mai ana i te kōka. Mā te arotau i te tohatoha o te mara wera, ka whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao. Heoi, he wero kei mua i a ia pērā i te waikura o ngā rauemi, te iti o te whai huatanga o te wera, me te tohatoha pāmahana kore taurite i roto i te oumu. Kei ngā kamupene pērā i a Hebei Kuntian me Shanshan Co., Ltd. ngā mana patene e tika ana, ā, kua whakapai ake i te ōritetanga o te hua mā te whakarei ake i te hiri o te pouaka me te arotau i te pihi whakakā.
Oumu Whakairoiro Tonu
Mā tēnei oumu ka taea te whāngai tonu i ngā rauemi, te maimoatanga pāmahana teitei (2,500-3,000°C), me te tukunga whakamatao. He painga anō hoki tēnei, pērā i te pai o te whakaputa, te iti o te whakapaunga pūngao, me te taumata aunoatanga teitei. Ka tutuki te whakahaere i te pikinga pāmahana mā te whakamahana ātete (tikanga whakamahana o waho) te whakamahana-ā-roto rānei o te rauemi (tikanga whakamahana-ā-roto). Heoi, he uaua ake te whakahaere i te tikanga whakamahana-ā-roto nā te whakamahana-ā-roto me te nekehanga o te rauemi. Kei te whakatairanga ngā kamupene pēnei i a Kuntian me BTR i te ahumahi o tēnei hangarau, e whakaarohia ana ka whakakapi i ngā momo whakaputa wā poto ā muri ake nei.
Ngā Auahatanga Ahumahi me ngā Taunakitanga Kōwhiringa Taputapu
- Arotau i te Whakamahinga Pūngao: Ka whakaitihia te whakamahinga pūngao e ngā oumu raupapa ā-roto me ngā oumu momo-pouaka mā te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi ātete, ā, ka whakarei ake ngā oumu tonu i te whai huatanga mā te whakaora wera, e hangai ana ki te tono mō te whakaputanga iti te utu i raro i ngā whāinga kore waro.
- Whakarei Ake i te Whai Hua: Mā ngā oumu tonu ka taea te whakaputa kore-whakakore mō ngā hāora 24, me te kaha o te raina kotahi e eke ana ki te 10,000 tāne, he nui atu i te toru o ngā putanga o ngā taputapu tuku iho. Nā tēnei ka pai mō ngā umanga rauemi anode nui.
- Kounga Hua: Ko te oumu Acheson e pai tonu ana mō te hanga karāpeti kounga teitei nā te mea he pai ake te ōritetanga o te pāmahana, ko te oumu tonu ia e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga ōritetanga pakari o ngā rauemi pākahiko hiko mā te whakahaere pāmahana tika.
- Whakahoutanga Hangarau: Kei te rangahauhia, kei te whakawhanakehia hoki ngā tukanga hou pēnei i te whakakāwhata i roto i te ngaruiti me te whakakāwhata i roto i te parāuma, ā, tera pea ka takahia te rohe pāmahana 3,000°C, ā, ka whakapotohia ake ngā wā tukatuka a meake nei.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-10-2025