Ko te tukanga whakaputa rauemi waro he pūnaha hangarau e tino whakahaerehia ana, ko te whakaputanga o te hiko graphite, ngā rauemi waro motuhake, te waro konumohe, me ngā rauemi waro hou teitei-mutunga e kore e taea te wehe atu i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi mata, ngā taputapu, te hangarau, te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga whakaputa e whā me ngā hangarau motuhake e pā ana.
Ko ngā rauemi mata ngā mea matua e whakatau ana i ngā āhuatanga taketake o ngā rauemi waro, ā, ko te mahi a ngā rauemi mata e whakatau ana i te mahi a ngā rauemi waro kua hangaia. Mō te hanga i ngā irahiko karāhe UHP me HP, ko te kōka ngira kounga teitei te mea tuatahi hei whiriwhiri, engari ko te uku here kounga teitei, te uku whakakī hoki. Engari ko ngā rauemi mata kounga teitei anake, te kore o ngā taputapu, te hangarau, ngā āhuatanga whakahaere me ngā hangarau motuhake e pā ana, kāore e taea te whakaputa i ngā irahiko karāhe UHP, HP kounga teitei.
E arotahi ana tēnei tuhinga ki ngā āhuatanga o te ngira kōka kounga teitei hei whakamārama i ētahi tirohanga whaiaro, hei matapaki mā ngā kaihanga ngira kōka, ngā kaihanga hiko, me ngā whare rangahau pūtaiao.
Ahakoa te roa o te hanga ahumahi o te ngira kōka i Haina i tērā o ngā umanga o tāwāhi, kua tere te whanaketanga i ngā tau tata nei, ā, kua tīmata te āhua. Mō te rahinga whakaputa katoa, ka taea e ia te whakatutuki i te hiahia o te ngira kōka mō ngā irahiko karāhe UHP me HP i hangaia e ngā umanga waro o te motu. Heoi, kei te noho tonu he āputaputa i roto i te kounga o te ngira kōka ki te whakataurite ki ngā umanga o tāwāhi. Ko te rerekētanga o te mahi puranga ka pā ki te hiahia mō te ngira kōka kounga teitei i roto i te hanga i te rahinga nui o te UHP me te HP karāhe, ina koa kāore he ngira kōka hononga kounga teitei e taea ai te whakatutuki i te hanga hononga irahiko karāhe.
Ko ngā umanga waro o tāwāhi e whakaputa ana i ngā whakatakotoranga nui o te UHP, ko te hiko karāhe HP te nuinga o te wā e whiriwhiria ana mō te kōka ngira hinu kounga teitei hei rauemi mata matua mō te kōka. Ka whakamahia hoki e ngā umanga waro Hapanihi ētahi kōka ngira raupapa waro hei rauemi mata, engari mō ngā whakatakotoranga φ 600 mm e whai ake nei mō te hanga hiko karāhe. I tēnei wā, ko te kōka ngira i Haina te nuinga o te wā ko te kōka ngira raupapa waro. Ko te hanga hiko karāhe UHP kounga teitei nui e ngā umanga waro e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kōka ngira raupapa hinu kawemai, inā koa te hanga hononga kounga teitei me te kōka ngira raupapa hinu Suishima Hapanihi kawemai me te kōka ngira raupapa hinu HSP Piritana hei rauemi mata.
I tēnei wā, ko te kōka ngira i hangaia e ngā umanga rerekē ka whakaritea ki ngā taupū mahi arumoni o te kōka ngira o tāwāhi mā ngā taupū mahi tuku iho, pērā i te ihirangi pungarehu, te kiato tūturu, te ihirangi whanariki, te ihirangi hauota, te tohatoha rahi matūriki, te tauwehenga whānui wera me ētahi atu. Heoi anō, kāore tonu he rerekētanga o ngā taumata o te whakarōpūtanga kōka ngira ki tāwāhi. Nō reira, ko te hanga kōka ngira, e kīia ana hoki mō ngā "taonga kotahi", kāore e taea te whakaata i te taumata o te kōka ngira kounga teitei.
Haunga te whakataurite mahi tuku iho, me aro hoki ngā umanga waro ki te āhua o te ngira kōka, pērā i te whakarōpūtanga o te tauwehenga whānui wera (CTE), te kaha o te matūriki, te tohu anisotropy, ngā raraunga whānui i roto i te āhua kore-ārai me te āhua ārai, me te awhe pāmahana i waenga i te whānui me te whakahekenga. Nā te mea he mea tino nui ēnei āhuatanga wera o te ngira kōka ki te whakahaere i te tukanga whakakāwhata i roto i te tukanga whakaputa irahiko kāwhata, ko te tikanga, kāore e whakakorehia te awe o ngā āhuatanga wera o te uku kōka i hangaia i muri i te tunu i te here me te kaihoko whakakī uku.
1. Te whakataurite i te anisotropy o te ngira coke
Ko te tātari mahi a te whakaputa hiko graphite mana teitei Ultra he tikanga tātari nui hei aromatawai i te kounga o te rauemi mata o te ngira Coke, he nui hoki te pānga o te rahi o te tohu anisotropy ki te tukanga whakaputa hiko, he pai ake te mahi a te tohu anisotropy o te hiko i te tohu anisotropy o te mana toharite o te hiko iti.
I tēnei wā, he nui ake te hanga o te kōka ngira waro i Haina i tērā o te kōka ngira hinu. Nā te nui o te utu o ngā rauemi mata me te utu o ngā umanga waro, he uaua ki te whakamahi i te kōka ngira 100% o te kāinga i roto i te hanga hiko UHP, me te tāpiri i tētahi wāhanga o te kōka hinu kua whakapūkarahia me te paura karāpeti hei hanga hiko. Nō reira, he uaua ki te aromatawai i te anisotropy o te kōka ngira o te kāinga.
2. Ngā āhuatanga rārangi me te rōrahi o te ngira kōka
Ko te mahi whakarerekētanga raina me te rōrahi o te ngira kōka e whakaatahia ana i roto i te tukanga karāpiti i hangaia e te irahiko. I te whakarerekētanga o te pāmahana, ka pāngia te kōka ngira e te whānui me te rōrahi raina me te whakawhāiti i te wā e whakamahana ana i te tukanga karāpiti, ka pā tika ki te whakarerekētanga raina me te rōrahi o te pire i tunua i roto i te tukanga karāpiti. Kāore tēnei i te rite mō te whakamahinga o ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te kōka mata, ngā rerekētanga o ngā taumata o te kōka ngira. Heoi anō, he rerekē anō hoki te awhe pāmahana o ngā whakarerekētanga raina me te rōrahi o ngā taumata rerekē o te kōka ngira me te kōka hinu kua whakapūkaratia. Mā te mōhio ki tēnei āhuatanga o te kōka mata ka taea e tātou te whakahaere pai ake me te arotau i te hanga o te raupapa matū karāpiti. He tino kitea tēnei i roto i te tukanga whakakārāpiti raupapa.
Ka puta tuatahi te whānui rārangi ina tīmata te wera o te kōka ngira hinu, engari ko te pāmahana i te tīmatanga o te whakahekenga rārangi ka noho whakamuri i muri i te pāmahana whakapūkara mōrahi. Mai i te 1525℃ ki te 1725℃, ka tīmata te whānui rārangi, ā, he whaiti te awhe pāmahana o te whakahekenga rārangi katoa, 200℃ anake. He nui ake te awhe pāmahana o te whakahekenga rārangi katoa o te kōka hinu whakaroa noa i tērā o te kōka ngira, ā, kei waenganui i ngā mea e rua te kōka ngira waro, he paku nui ake i te kōka ngira hinu. E whakaatu ana ngā hua whakamātautau o te Whare Whakamātautau Hangarau Ahumahi o Osaka i Hapani ko te kino o te mahi wera o te kōka, ka nui ake te awhe pāmahana whakahekenga rārangi, tae atu ki te 500 ~ 600℃ te awhe pāmahana whakahekenga rārangi, ā, he iti te tīmatanga o te pāmahana whakahekenga rārangi, i te 1150 ~ 1200℃ ka tīmata te whakahekenga rārangi, koinei anō ngā āhuatanga o te kōka hinu whakaroa noa.
Ko te pai ake o ngā āhuatanga wera me te nui ake o te anisotropy o te ngira coke, ka whaiti ake te awhe pāmahana o te whakahekenga raina. Ko ētahi ngira coke hinu kounga teitei he 100 ~ 150℃ anake te awhe pāmahana whakahekenga raina. He tino whai hua mō ngā umanga waro te ārahi i te whakaputanga tukanga graphitization i muri i te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga o te whakawhānui raina, te whakahekenga me te whakawhānui anō o ngā rauemi mata coke, ka taea ai te karo i ētahi hua para kounga koretake i puta mai i te whakamahi i te aratau wheako tuku iho.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-08-2021